9/12/2023 0 Comments Adrenal cortex secretes![]() ![]() The diagnosis and treatment of these disorders are outlined in this issue. The expressions of hypofunctional syndromes include Addison's disease and selective hypoaldosteronism. Clinical expressions of hyperfunctional adrenocortical syndromes include Cushing's syndrome, primary hyperaldosteronism, and the adrenogenital syndrome. The disorders of the adrenal cortex can be viewed from the dual perspectives of hyperfunction and hypofunction. The anatomic configuration of the adrenal cortices is delineated by high-resolution computed tomography (and magnetic resonance imaging), obviating the need for invasive procedures such as venography or arteriography. These dynamic studies enable the clinician to evaluate the functional status of the adrenal cortex. ![]() As in other endocrinopathies, suppression studies are employed when hyperfunction is suspected, while provocative tests are used to detect hypofunction. The availability of sensitive and specific radioimmunoassays has permitted accurate measurement of practically every steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex. The main difference between adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla is the functions that are mediated by the hormones secreted by each layer of the adrenal gland. The adrenal medulla secretes hormones, which mediate the fight-or-flight response. Of these three classes of steroids only the gluco- and mineralocorticoid hormones are necessary to sustain life. The adrenal cortex secretes enzymes, which regulate the metabolism of the body. ![]() The adrenal cortex is functionally a three-dimensional gland that secretes glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and sex steroids. ![]()
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